EQUALIZATION
Ontario at risk of mild recession, TD report says
KAREN HOWLETT
March 21, 2008
TORONTO -- Ontario's weakening economic fortunes are leading to new calls to reform federal transfer programs used to divvy up riches among the provinces.
Canada's most populous province will rank at the bottom of the heap this year, with its economy growing just 0.5 per cent, says Toronto-Dominion Bank in a particularly gloomy report that for the first time raises the spectre of Ontario slipping into a mild recession.
Central Canada's anemic growth comes as some western provinces are faring much better. The growing regional divide has economists questioning the wisdom of transfer programs that require Ontario to contribute a disproportionate share of its wealth to prop up other provinces.
"We cannot continue to fund other parts of Canada to a level beyond the quality of services we have in Ontario," Len Crispino, president of the Ontario Chamber of Commerce, said yesterday in an interview. "We need to rebalance this imbalance."
The TD report says the "lethal combination" of a high Canadian dollar and weak demand in the United States for goods manufactured in Ontario is hurting the province's ability to raise revenue. Ontario at one time enjoyed one of the highest standards of living in Canada. But that is no longer the case. Just four years ago, the average income of each Ontarian was $400 above the national average. By last year, income had fallen to just $84 above the national average and it threatens to keep falling.
Dale Orr of Global Insight Inc. was among the first economists to say Ontario is in jeopardy of becoming a "have-not" province in Confederation, which would make it eligible to receive payments under the national equalization program for the first time.
Those provinces whose fiscal capacity falls below the national average over a three-year period receive equalization. Those above the average do not. The topic became political this week when federal Finance Minister Jim Flaherty weighed in, saying that Ontario is on track to become a have-not province within two to three years.
Progressive Conservative MPP Tim Hudak echoed that opinion yesterday.
"Please tell me that the lasting legacy of the Dalton McGuinty government is not going to be taking Ontario to 'have-not' status," he said during Question Period in the legislature.
"I see my honourable friend's lips moving, but I hear the federal Minister of Finance's voice," Mr. McGuinty quipped.
The Premier said the Tories are wrong to suggest Ontario will become a have-not province. But he reiterated that Ontario picks up more than its fair share of the tab for helping other provinces. Each taxpayer in the province will send $2,040 more to Ottawa this year than he or she will receive back, Mr. McGuinty said in Question Period. "What we don't have is fairness from the federal government," he said.
TD Bank chief economist Don Drummond said it is highly unlikely the Harper government will push for further changes to federal transfer programs, given its bitter feud with Mr. McGuinty over the economy. Last year, the federal government adopted a new formula to calculate equalization based on the revenue-generating capacity of 10 provinces, rather than the previous five-province standard.
"They seem to be bent on making Ontario's situation worse at the moment," Mr. Drummond said.
Sharing the wealth
The national equalization program is designed to give money to Canada's poorer provinces so they can provide social services comparable to the richer ones. This year, the federal government will distribute $13-billion in equalization payments to every province except Ontario, Alberta and British Columbia.
Equalization, one of several programs Ottawa uses to distribute funding to the provinces, was introduced in 1951. The government adopted a new formula last year to calculate equalization based on the revenue-generating capacity of 10 provinces, rather than the previous five-province standard.
Equalization payments will climb to $13.6-billion in fiscal 2009, from $13-billion in this fiscal year, a 50-per-cent increase over the past five years. Ontario residents fund 40 per cent of the program through their income-tax payments to Ottawa.
- Karen Howlett
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